Pandora NO2 Plot - https://tame.physics.utoronto.ca/toronto-pandora-no2-data
Pandora SO2 Plot - https://tame.physics.utoronto.ca/toronto-pandora-so2-data/
Pandora O3 Plot - https://tame.physics.utoronto.ca/toronto-pandora-o3-data/
Pandora H2O Plot - https://tame.physics.utoronto.ca/toronto-pandora-h2o-data/
Pandora HCHO Plot - https://tame.physics.utoronto.ca/toronto-pandora-hcho-data/
How Pandora Instruments Work
Pandora is a sun-tracking spectrometer designed to measure atmospheric gasses. By continuously tracking the Sun, it records the solar spectrum at high resolution. Gases such as nitrogen dioxide and ozone absorb light at characteristic wavelengths, leaving distinct spectral features. From these absorption patterns, Pandora retrieves the total vertical column amount of pollutants overhead, rather than just concentrations at ground level.
In contrast, TAME’s surface in-situ instruments measure atmospheric gas concentrations at ground level. Together these instruments provide complementary approaches that let us connect what the Pandora observes through the whole atmosphere, and what the surface in-situ instruments measure where people are directly exposed.
Within TAME, Pandora instruments provide detailed measurements of atmospheric gasses across Toronto and Southern Ontario, helping researchers and evaluate emissions, validate models, and track progress toward cleaner urban air.